What are the types of Petitions to be filed in Supreme Court of India.
Classification of cases in Supreme Court
Main cases that can be filed in Supreme Court of India is classified into
different types. The following are the classification of cases in Supreme
Court.
1. Arbitration Petition
Arbitration petition means a petition under Section 11(5) of the
Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996.
2. Civil Appeal
In Normal course the following category of cases shall be registered as
civil appeals:
- appeals by certificate under Articles 132 and 133 of the
Constitution read with Order XIX of the Rules;
- appeal, upon grant of special leave to appeal, under Article 136 of
the Constitution read with Order XXI of the Rules;
- appeal under Section 130E of the Customs Act, 1962;
- appeal under Section 35L of the Central Excise and Salt Act, 1944;
- appeal under Section 23 of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986;
- appeal under Section 27A of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986;
- appeal under Section 19(1)(b) of the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971;
- appeal under Section 38 of the Advocates Act, 1961;
- appeal under Section 116A of the Representation of People Act, 1951;
- appeal under Section 18 of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
Act, 1997;
- appeal under Section 15Z of the Securities and Exchange Board of
India Act, 1992;
- appeal under Section 261 of the Income Tax Act, 1961;
- appeal under Section 53T of the Competition Act, 2002;
- appeals under Sections 30 and 31 of the Armed Forces Tribunal Act,
2007;
- appeal under Section 125 of the Electricity Act, 2003;
- appeal under Section 29(1) of the Wealth Tax Act, 1957;
- appeal under Section 22 of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010;
- appeal under Section 10 of the Special Court (Trial of offences
relating to Transaction in Securities) Act, 1992;
- appeal under Section 423 of the Companies Act, 2013;
- appeal under Sections 17 and 18 of the Airport Economic Regulatory
Authority of India Act, 2008.
3. Contempt Petition (Civil)
Contempt Petition (Civil) is a petition under Rule 3 of the Rules to
Regulate Proceedings for Contempt of the Supreme Court, 1975, read with
Section 2(b) of the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971, and Articles 129 and
142(2) of the Constitution.
4. Contempt Petition (Criminal)
It is a petition under Rule 3 of the Rules to Regulate Proceedings
for Contempt of the Supreme Court, 1975, read with Section 2(c) of the
Contempt of Courts Act, 1971, and Articles 129 and 142(2) of the
Constitution.
5. Criminal Appeal
Normally, the following cases shall be registered as criminal appeals --
- appeals by certificate under Articles 132(1) and 134(1)(c) read with
Order XX of the Rules;
- appeal under Article 134(1)(a) and (b) or made any other provision
of law under Order XX of the Rules;
- appeal, upon grant of special leave to appeal, under Article 136 of
the Constitution read with Order XXII of the Rules;
- appeals under Sections 30 and 31 of the Armed Forces Tribunal Act,
2007;
- appeal under Section 10 of the Special Court (Trial of Offences
relating to Transaction in Securities) Act, 1992; (Criminal);
- appeal under Section 374 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973;
- appeal under Section 380 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973;
- appeal under Section 2 of the Supreme Court (Enlargement of Criminal
Appellate Jurisdiction) Act, 1970, as amended by the Supreme Court
(Enlargement of Criminal Appellate Jurisdiction) Amendment Act, 1972,
read with Section 379 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973;
- appeal under Section 19(1)(b) of the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971.
6. Election Petition
Election Petition is a petition under Part III of the Presidential and
Vice-Presidential Elections Act, 1952 (31 of 1952) read with Article 71 of
the Constitution and Order XLVI of the Rules relating to doubts and disputes
in relation to the election of a President or Vice-President.
7. Original Suit
Original Suit is a suit filed under Article 131 of the Constitution in
relation to any dispute:
(i) between the Government of India and one or more States; or
(ii) between the Government of India and any State or States on one side
and one or more other States on the other; or
(iii) between two or more States.
8. Petition for Special Leave to Appeal
Petition for Special Leave to Appeal is a petition filed under Article
136 of the Constitution from an order of the High Court refusing to grant
certificate under Article 134A of the Constitution or in any other case from
any judgment, decree, determination, sentence or order passed or made by any
Court or Tribunal, except relating to armed forces. It may be either civil
SLP or criminal SLP.
9. Special Reference Case
Normally, the following cases shall be registered as References:
- Reference under Articles 143(1) and (2) of the Constitution;
- Reference under Article 317(1) of the Constitution;
- Reference under Section 11 of the Competition Act, 2002;
- Reference under Section 14(1) of the Right to Information Act, 2005;
- Reference under Section 17(1) of the Right to Information Act, 2005;
- Reference under Section 257 of the Income Tax Act, 1961;
- Reference made by Central Government or Statutory Tribunals under
Order XLIV of the Rules;
- Reference under Section 27(3A) of the Wealth Tax Act, 1957;
- Reference under Section 11(3) of the Companies Act, 2002;
- Reference under Section 7(1) of the Prasar Bharati (Broadcasting
Corporation of India) Act, 1990.
10. Transferred Case
Transferred case means a case under Article 139A(1) of the Constitution
read with Order XL of the Rules, upon being transferred by the High Court to
Supreme Court.
11. Transfer Petition
- petition filed under Article 139A(1) of the Constitution of India.
It may be either civil or criminal;
- petition filed under Article 139A(2) of the Constitution of India.
It may be either civil or criminal;
- petition filed under Section 25 of the Code of Civil Procedure,
1908. Transfer Petition (Civil);
- petition filed under Section 406 of the Code of Criminal Procedure,
1973. Transfer Petition (Criminal); and
- petition filed under Section 11 of the Terrorist Affected Areas
(Special Courts) Act, 1984. Transfer Petition (Criminal).
Note
A transfer petition seeking transfer of a case relating to the State of
Jammu and Kashmir shall be filed in terms of the ratio laid down in
Anita Kushwaha vs. Pushap Sudan (Transfer Petition (C) No. 1343 of
2008).
12. Writ Petition
- petition under Article 32 of the Constitution relating to an
infringement of a right in Part III of the Constitution in a civil case,
other than habeas corpus is Writ Petition (Civil);
- petition under Article 32 of the Constitution relating to a criminal
matter, including habeas corpus is Writ Petition (Criminal);
- petition under Article 32 of the Constitution of India relating to
public interest litigation is Writ Petition (PIL). It may be either
civil or criminal;
- petition under Article 32 of the Constitution seeking transfer of a
case relating to the State of Jammu and Kashmir is Writ Petition (Tr.).
It may be either civil or criminal;
13. Any other case filed in Supreme Court not in above category
Any other case filed in Supreme Court which does not fall under any of
the above categories may be classified and registered in accordance with or
under any other provision of law or orders of the Court or special or
general orders of the Chief Justice passed in that behalf.
14. Review Petition
A petition under Article 137 of the Constitution read with Order XLVII of
the Supreme Court Rules 2013 is a Review Petition. It may be either civil or
criminal.
15. Curative Petition
A petition under Order XLVIII of the Supreme Court Rules 2013 shall is
Curative Petition. It may be either civil or criminal.
General
The cases arising out of the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities
(Prevention) Act, 1987, or the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices
Act, 1969, or under any other law, which have since been repealed, have not
been indicated in the Chapter though cases arising therefrom, prior to
repeal, are pending consideration of the Supreme Court of India.