169. The improper admission or rejection of evidence shall not be ground of
itself for a new trial or reversal of any decision in any case, if it shall
appear to the Court before which such objection is raised that,
independently of the evidence objected to and admitted, there was sufficient
evidence to justify the decision, or that, if the rejected evidence had been
received, it ought not to have varied the decision.
Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023
Section 163 Testimony to facts stated in document mentioned in section 162
Section 164 Right of adverse party as to writing used to refresh memory
Section 165 Production of documents
Section 166 Giving, as evidence, of document called for and produced on notice
Section 167 Using, as evidence, of document production of which was refused on notice
Section 168 Judge's power to put questions or order production
Section 169 No new trial for improper admission or rejection of evidence