What is the meaning of Ratification of unauthorized act cannot injure third person? What is Termination of agency? Section 200 and 201 of Indian Contract Act 1872
200 . An act done by one person on behalf of another, without such other person's authority, which, if done with authority, would have the effect of subjecting a third person to damages, or of terminating any right or interest of a third person, cannot, by ratification, be made to have such effect.
Illustrations
(a) A, not being authorized thereto by B, demands, on behalf of
B, the delivery of a chattel, the property of B, from C, who is
in possession of it. This demand cannot be ratified by B, so as
to make C liable for damages for his refusal to deliver.
(b) A holds a lease from B, terminable on three months' notice. C, an unauthorized person, gives notice of termination to A. The notice cannot be ratified by B, so as to be binding on A.
201. An agency is terminated by the principal revoking his authority; or by the agent renouncing the business of the agency; or by the business of the agency being completed; or by either the principal or agent dying or becoming of unsound mind; or by the principal being adjudicated an insolvent under the provisions of any Act for the time being in force for the relief of insolvent debtors.
Section 186 - Agent's authority may be express or implied
Section 187 - Definitions of express and implied authority
Section 188 - Extent of agent's authority
Section 189 - Agent's authority in an emergency
Section 190 - When agent cannot delegate
Sub-agents
Section 191 - Sub-agent defined
Section 192 - Representation of principal by sub-agent properly appointed
Section 193 - Agent's responsibility for sub-agent appointed without authority
Section 195 - Agent's duty in naming such person
Ratification
Section 196 - Right of person as to acts done for him without his authority
Section 197 - Effect of ratification Ratification may be expressed or implied
Section 198 - Knowledge requisite for valid ratification
Section 199 - Effect of ratifying unauthorized act forming part of a transaction
Section 200 - Ratification of unauthorized act cannot injure third person
Revocation of Authority
Section 201 - Termination of agency
Section 202 - Termination of agency, where agent has an interest in subject-matter
Section 203 - When principal may revoke agent's authority
Section 204 - Revocation where authority has been partly exercised
Section 205 - Compensation for revocation by principal, or renunciation by agent