Indian Penal Code Chapters and Current Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023

BNS Section 358(1) repeals the Indian Penal Code, 1860.

However, Section 358 preserves, among other things:

• the previous operation of the IPC and acts validly done under it;
• rights, privileges, obligations and liabilities accrued or incurred under the IPC;
• penalties and punishments incurred for offences committed under the IPC;
• investigations and remedies concerning those penalties or punishments; and
• proceedings that may be instituted, continued or enforced as if the IPC had not been repealed.

Actions already taken under the IPC are also deemed to have been taken under corresponding BNS provisions, subject to Section 358 and the General Clauses Act, 1897.

• The IPC was enacted in 1860 as Act 45 of 1860.
• The BNS is Act 45 of 2023, enacted on 25 December 2023.
• The BNS generally came into force on 1 July 2024.
• BNS has 20 chapters and 358 sections.
• BNS Chapter V separately groups offences against women and children.
• BNS Chapter IV combines abetment, criminal conspiracy and attempt.
• BNS Section 358 contains the repeal-and-savings provisions for the IPC.
• For an offence committed before the IPC repeal took effect, the savings clause can preserve IPC liability and related proceedings.